Enhancement of Food Production — Class 12 Maharashtra HSC Biology revision notes
A 8-page visual revision sheet for Enhancement of Food Production, written for Class 12 Maharashtra HSC Biology. Formulas, diagrams and the traps that cost marks, laid out to be read the night before rather than the term before. Free, and it opens inside CapCompass.
Page 1 as PDF
Enhancement of Food Production in one look
breeding better plants and animals, then letting microbes do the rest of the work
Plant Breeding: the Idea
- purposeful manipulation of a crop's heredity to raise its value and utility
- draws on genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pathology and rDNA technology together
- aims: higher yield, better quality, tolerance to environmental stress, resistance to pathogens, tolerance to insect pests
- the Green Revolution combined superior seed, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, multiple cropping and modern irrigation
- wheat, rice and maize yields rose sharply from the 1960s
- Dr. Norman Borlaug (1970 Nobel laureate) developed the semi-dwarf wheat behind it
- Dr. M. S. Swaminathan is called the Father of the Green Revolution in India
- Swaminathan pioneered mutation breeding here, developing wheat varieties like Sonora and Sharbati
Hybridization: the plant breeding pipeline
- Collect variability: germplasm from wild relatives and cultivated types, held in situ (forests, reserves) or ex situ (botanical gardens, seed banks)
- Evaluate & select parents: selfed for 3-4 generations to make them homozygous, pure lines only
- Hybridize: emasculate the female (recurrent) parent, dust on pollen from the male (donor); F1 evaluated for the desired combination
- Select & test: superior F1 selfed for generations until uniform, then field-trialled across agroclimatic zones
- Release: new variety released to farmers, e.g. Jaya, Padma, Ratna rice; Sonalika, Kalyan Sona wheat
Page 1 of 8. The full sheet, all 8 pages, opens free in the app.
What this Enhancement of Food Production sheet covers
- Plant Breeding: the Idea
- Hybridization: the plant breeding pipeline
- Collect variability
- Evaluate & select parents
- Hybridize
- Select & test
- Release
- Hybridization: the vocabulary
- Breeding for Pest Resistance vs Disease Resistance
- Insect pest resistance
- Disease resistance
- Mutation Breeding
- Tissue Culture
- Callus Culture vs Suspension Culture
- Callus culture
- Suspension culture
- Micropropagation, Start to Field
- Explant
- Callus
- Organogenesis
- Hardening
- Field
- Why Micropropagation, Five Reasons
- Speed and scale
- Season-independent
- Genetic uniformity
- Rare species rescue
- Somatic hybrids
- Single Cell Protein (SCP)
- Biofortification
- Biofortified Crops
- Animal Husbandry: Breeding
- Assisted Breeding Technologies
- Dairy Farm Management
- Poultry: Layers vs Broilers
- Layers
- Broilers
- Apiculture (Bee Keeping)
- Fishery: Three Divisions
- Sericulture and Lac Culture
- Traps that cost marks
- Tricks that save time
How CapCompass uses this sheet
These notes are not a standalone PDF. CapCompass plans Biology chapter by chapter against your real exam dates and free hours, and when the plan reaches Enhancement of Food Production the sheet opens inside the study block itself — at the page covering the sub-topic that block is on, with the timer still running. Revision arrives at the moment the plan says revise, instead of having to be gone looking for.
More Biology Class 12 revision notes
- Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues
- Biotechnology
- Control and Co-ordination
- Ecosystems and Energy Flow
- Human Health and Diseases
- Inheritance and Variation
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Organisms and Populations
- Origin and Evolution of Life
- Plant Growth and Mineral Nutrition
- Plant Water Relation
- Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals
- Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants
- Respiration and Circulation