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What does the Respiration and Energy Transfer revision sheet cover?

Respiration and Phosphorylation, Three Forms of Phosphorylation, Glycolysis, the Common First Step, Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration, Anaerobic (fermentation), Aerobic, Connecting Link Reaction, Krebs Cycle (TCA / Citric Acid Cycle), Krebs Cycle, per Turn, Electron Transport Chain (ETC), Aerobic Respiration, Stop by Stop, ATP Balance Sheet, One Glucose.

Is this for Class 11 Maharashtra HSC Biology?

Yes, it is written for the Maharashtra HSC Biology syllabus.

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Respiration and Energy Transfer — Class 11 Maharashtra HSC Biology revision notes

A 5-page visual revision sheet for Respiration and Energy Transfer, written for Class 11 Maharashtra HSC Biology. Formulas, diagrams and the traps that cost marks, laid out to be read the night before rather than the term before. Free, and it opens inside CapCompass.

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Respiration and Energy Transfer in one look

glycolysis to the electron transport chain: how one glucose molecule is turned into ATP

Respiration and Phosphorylation

respiration: a catabolic process, oxidises a complex organic substrate to simple components
releases biological energy, runs as anaerobic or aerobic respiration
phosphorylation is ATP formation, in three forms (see table)
ATP hydrolysis releases the energy that drives metabolic activity when needed

Three Forms of Phosphorylation

Type	Energy source	Where
Photophosphorylation	light	chloroplasts
Substrate-level	direct Pi transfer, substrate to ADP	cytoplasm, mitochondrial matrix
Oxidative	oxidising NADH+H+ and FADH2	inner mitochondrial membrane only

Glycolysis, the Common First Step

breaks one glucose molecule down to two pyruvic acid molecules
happens in the cytoplasm, common to both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
ten steps in two phases
preparatory phase (first 5 steps): glucose phosphorylated twice, costs 2 ATP
forms fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, splitting into isomers glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)
DHAP isomerises to a second G3P, giving two G3P total
pay-off phase (last 5 steps): both G3P convert to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
oxidation plus Pi phosphorylation, then further steps to two pyruvic acid
releases energy that makes 4 ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation
net: Glucose + 2ATP + 2Pi + 4ADP + 2NAD+ -> 2 Pyruvate + 2ADP + 4ATP + 2NADH+H+ + 2H2O
a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH+H+

Page 1 of 5. The full sheet, all 5 pages, opens free in the app.

What this Respiration and Energy Transfer sheet covers

Respiration and Phosphorylation
Three Forms of Phosphorylation
Glycolysis, the Common First Step
Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic (fermentation)
Aerobic
Connecting Link Reaction
Krebs Cycle (TCA / Citric Acid Cycle)
Krebs Cycle, per Turn
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Aerobic Respiration, Stop by Stop
ATP Balance Sheet, One Glucose
ATP Yield per Stage
Significance of the ETC
Why Respiration Runs in So Many Steps
Respiratory Quotient (RQ)
Significance of Respiration
Traps that cost marks
Tricks that save time

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